| Essentials of Learning for Instruction Part 2 |
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Other kinds of learned capabilities may also have desirable prerequisites, although their relationships may be somewhat less direct than is the case with intellectual skills. The learning of information, when coded as organized knowledge, requires that the learner know the meaning of the words or phrases that make up the information; that is, he must know them as concepts (a type of intellectual skill). The learning of attitudes often implies prerequisite information or intellectual skills. For example, if the desired outcome of a lesson is an attitude tending toward avoidance of harmful drugs, the student must have acquired (usually in a prior lesson or topic) information about situations in which harmful drugs are likely to be encountered, their common names and appearances, and other items of this general sort. Should such information not be provided as a prerequisite, the intended choice of action for the student would not be clear to him and, therefore, would likely not be made.
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